Chemistry Balance Equations

Chemistry Balance EquationsChemistry balance equations can be complicated to a beginner, particularly if they don't understand them well. It is important that the equation be read accurately and carefully so that you do not repeat an experiment that doesn't work.Level four is where we start to understand equation equations. This level involves the equation for the molar concentration. It can be very difficult at first to understand a scale equation, but with practice and some explanation it should become much easier. The scale depends on the acidity of the reaction, which will affect the molar concentration.Level five is where we start to really understand chemistry. This is where we start to use scientific notation (DSN) to tell us what the substance or reaction is. It is used in chemistry, which uses carbon dioxide as a reaction medium. Some reactions may require the help of another science or math class, so it is worth learning how to read scientific notation.Molar balance is the major concept of the balance equations. It involves taking a material and converting it into a mole of the same substance by dissolving it in an electrolyte. This is then done several times to get a total mass of the substance.Molar equation describes the molar mass of a substance. It gives the volume of the substance and its density or weight in grams per litre.Molar equilibrium describes how the equilibrium between the molar mass and density of the substances is maintained. It is a relationship between the concentration of a substance and its mass, and how well the equilibrium is maintained.Molar absorption is the method used to transfer a substance from one solution to another. It uses a different balance equation to a molar equilibrium to calculate how well the substance is absorbed by the other solution.Molar equilibrium is very much the same as molar absorption except the concentration is kept constant. This is used when the concentration of a substance is the same as the mola r equilibrium. However, the equilibrium constant varies depending on the acidity of the solution and the presence of ions.

Huge surge in school expulsions - Tutor Hunt Blog

Huge surge in school expulsions New government report reveals huge surge in school expulsions New government report reveals huge surge in school expulsionsSchoolsAstonishing new figures from the department of education show that there has been a 15% rise in the number of pupils who were expelled from state schools between 2015-16 and 2016-17. The figures rose from 6,685 to 7,720 - disturbingly high statistics for something so serious as expulsion, even though they represent the whole of the UK. A 15% rise in expulsions over 2 years is a precipitous increase, and many head teachers have said this is due to cuts to recent cuts in mental health and behaviour programmes. Government representatives have said that expulsion should only be used as a last resort - but one would think that it is always the last option anyway, since there is of course nothing further the school can do once the pupil has been permanently excluded. The figures correspond to 0.1% of the school population being expelled a year, up from 0.08% the previous year. While this percentage looks reassuringly low, it should be noted that this actually amounts to somewhere around 40 pupils per day being expelled. The concerning matter is what happens to these pupils after they have been permanently excluded. It can be hard to gain admittance to a school at the best of times, and with the cleanest of introductory letters - trying to get into a new school after having just being expelled from another may well prove to be a challenge. Of course the longer it takes, the further behind the pupil will get in their studies - and even if they somehow manage to be accepted into another school with convenient alacrity, they may find their new peers studying different parts of the syllabus. There is of course an argument that no pupil should ever be expelled. Upon accepting a pupil, that school takes on the responsibility for their education - by expelling the pupil they are abnegating that responsibility, and passing the issue onto someone else. The reality is however that some pupils are just so disruptive that they dominate each lesson, and unduly impinge upon their colleagues` learning. In this case there can perhaps be no other option but expulsion. Some of the results of the report, entitled Permanent and Fixed Period Exclusions in England: 2016 to 2017, make for depressing reading. Those pupils residing in the poorest areas are apparently four times more likely to be permanently excluded - and (perhaps most concerning) children who have a recognised special educational need account for about half of all expulsions. The leader of the Head teachers union, the Association of School and College Leaders, Geoff Barton, was clear that funding cuts and restrictions of children`s services (such as youth clubs) are to blame for the recent rise in pupil exclusions: `Schools have had to cut back on the individual support they are able to give students, making it more difficult to provide early intervention, and prevent behavioural problems from escalating. At the same time council support services for vulnerable families have been cut back, meaning that schools are having to pick up the pieces. `Schools only exclude pupils as a last resort and when all other avenues have been exhausted. The government needs to provide the funding that`s necessary to provide support at an early stage.` The report revealed that 83% of expulsions took place in secondary schools - an interesting statistic in itself. The most common reason for expulsion was cited as Persistent disruptive behaviour. This reveals that pupils are most likely to be excluded for an accumulation of misdemeanours, committed over a period of time, rather than a single bad deed. School Standards Minister Nick Gibb commented that the government will be looking into the findings of the review, and will be developing alternative options for pupils who find themselves outside mainstream education: `Whilst we know there has been an increase in exclusions there are still fewer than the peak ten years ago. `We recognise some groups of pupils are more likely to be excluded than others which is why we launched an externally-led review to look at how schools are using exclusions and why certain groups are disproportionately affected. `We are also transforming alternative provision to improve outcomes for children in non-mainstream education, which is backed by a ?4m innovation fund.` 19 months ago0Add a Comment

3 Simple Ways to Get Seriously Good at Learning Languages

3 Simple Ways to Get Seriously Good at Learning Languages 3 Simple Ways to Get Seriously Good at Learning Languages Have you ever thought, well, I’d love to learn a language, but I’ve never been good at it.We’ve watched those star students in language classes raking in As, memorizing vocabulary like nobody’s business. We’ve even read about those  famous polyglots who seem to collect languages as easy as Beanie Babies.Everyones got a talent, right?Aren’t some people just good at languages?Heres a surprise:  everyone can be good at languages.Polyglots and others who learn languages quickly and easily don’t have a special set of genes that allows them to succeed. Rather, they’ve learned how to learn.And guess what? You can too! Anyone can acquire these skills!Sure, some people can tap into this ability to learn more naturally and intuitively than others. However, the things that make them good at languages are qualities that all human beings possess. Our brains are designed to acquire new languages and communicate with them. You just need to learn how to get out of your own way.Here a re three tips you can implement right away to get good at learning languages. 3 Simple Ways to Get Seriously Good at Learning Languages1. Devise a strategyHeading into any major project blindly is a recipe for disaster. And learning a new language certainly  qualifies as  a major project.So, experienced language learners have learned how to map out their studies for maximum success. Its up to the individual learner to decide whether they do so with a pen and paper, a digital calendar or simply by using their intuition to tell them when its time to study what material.Since youre looking to develop your ability to learn languages, you need a solid game plan.  You’ll want to micromanage every step of your language learning journey from what youre going to do today to what you want to have accomplished in six months. The easiest way to do so is to  set goals.  Still, easier said than done, right? Not so fastâ€"you can easily  set your goals and accomplish them if we break this down a little further.Set short-term goals for daily and weekly successShort-term goals are key to managing your time and priorities so that you actually take the small steps you need to reach a humongous goal. Know what you’re going to be doing each and every day. Think about what you want to accomplish on a weekly basis. Think about what you might want to accomplish on a monthly basis.Let’s say you’re a beginner. Setting short-term goals could look like:Making time to complete  one textbook language lesson  each day.Learning 10 words each day.Making time to watch one episode of a target language TV show every day.Depending on your other commitments, these goals could be as small as spending five  minutes total each day on your target language all the way to spending an hour or two (or more!). Do whatever works for your attention span and schedule. If you find yourself dreading or procrastinating your daily goal because of the amount of time youll spend, cut back a little.If you have a time-based goalâ€"let’s say, spending 15 minutes with a textbook each dayâ€"try using a timer app like Forest for iOS and Android. It blocks all other apps on your phone, so you don’t get distracted!Set long-term goals to keep yourself on trackLong-term goals are those things you want to accomplish in three months, six months or even a year (they get unwieldy if they’re much longer than that!).While short-term goals help you stay focused  as you work through things in your daily life, long-term goals help you keep your eye on the prize, so to speak. When you’re going through the daily routine  of lessons, immersion, SRS reps  and all that jazz, its easy to forget what it’s all for.Write down your long-term goals and put them where you can see them regularly. Long-term goals could be completing a certain course (like a textbook, class or online program), having a conversation with a native speaker or reading a whole novel with or without a dictionary. It doesn’t ma tter so much if your long-term goals are realistic or unrealisticâ€"by striving for something, you learn more about yourself and how you learn. Remember, you can tweak your goals as you goâ€"nothing is set in stone! The beauty of setting your own learning goals is that you are the one who’s in control.2. Collect media like a fiendNative learning materials  separate the wheat from the chaff when it comes to language learning. By native learning materials, I simply mean native media, authentic resources. TV shows, movies, books, you name it, made in your target language for native speakers of your target language.When you immerse yourself in materials made for native speakersâ€"and especially ones that you genuinely enjoyâ€"youll be surprised how natural language learning feels. Youll probably start thinking, this must be what it feels like to be naturally good at learning languages! The key for people who seem naturally good at learning languages is that every step of the learning process contains some joy or value for them. They love what they do! Now youre going to ease your brain into loving the process too.Yes, the language will be fast. Yes, there will be a lot of words you don’t know. However, jumping into the deep end right from the beginning will help you get used to native-level speed of conversation, native-like sense of humor and native-like word usage. This, of course, doesn’t mean you should forego your learning materials. It means you should avoid clinging to them. The world is full of language learners who completed a course only to find that native speakers of their target language spoke far faster and more casually than they were prepared for!So, how do you find native materials? Everywhere! Let your own tastes guide youâ€"look for comics, mystery novels, hip hop, whatever gets you going. In order to find the media itself, start with suggestions from online forums of fellow language learners. They can point you to music, movies and TV sho ws you might like. If you find music or movies on YouTube, the suggestions sidebar will guide you along to find more.If you want to be introduced to native materials while still having the structure of a language course, FluentU is a wonderful resource!FluentU makes it possible to learn languages from music videos, commercials, news, inspiring talks and more.With FluentU, you hear languages in real-world contextsâ€"the way that native speakers actually use them. Just a quick look will give you an idea of the variety of FluentU videos on offer:FluentU really takes the grunt work out of learning languages, leaving you with nothing but engaging, effective and efficient learning. It’s already hand-picked the best videos for you and organized them by level and topic. All you have to do is choose any video that strikes your fancy to get started!Each word in the interactive captions comes with a definition, audio, image, example sentences and more.Access a complete interactive transcript of every video under the Dialogue tab, and easily review words and phrases from the video under Vocab.You can use FluentU’s unique adaptive quizzes to learn the vocabulary and phrases from the video through fun questions and exercises. Just swipe left or right to see more examples of the word youre studying.The program even keeps track of what you’re learning and tells you exactly when it’s time for review, giving you a 100% personalized experience.Start using FluentU on the website with your computer or tablet or, better yet, download the FluentU app from the iTunes store or Google Play store.For books, you’d be surprised what you can find at a used bookstore. I’ve had a lot of luck finding books through Amazon third-party sellers. Simply find a list of authors or titles in your target language and search for them that way!Native media also helps learners stay interested in their long-term goals. Native-level speech reminds you of your end goal on a constant basis. And, let’s face it, watching anime or sitcoms is a lot more fun than constantly being glued to your textbook! But, for this to work, you need to be honest with yourself.Humans learn best when they’re having fun, and the best language learners know to take advantage of this. Khatzumoto from All Japanese All The Time urges language learners to ditch any media that’s boring or tedious. You can only afford to watch, listen and read things that excite you! This keeps up motivation and ensures you stick with the language in the long term.Whenever you complete a larger short-term goal (for example, youve finished the first five chapters in your textbook), reward yourself by renting a cool movie in the target language.Along those same lines3. Cultivate passionAs hinted above, motivation cannot be underestimated. Along with fun and excitement attached to your target language, it’s of utmost importance that you create emotional ties to your language.This is easy enough if you’re learning a language you were already interested in. In fact, simple interest can fuel your language learning project like nothing else. But what if youre learning a language out of necessity? For work? You can still cultivate passion.Connect to people and cultureLearn about the culture of your target language. Read the Wikipedia page on your target language country’s history (you could even read it in your target language!). Learn about the traditional art and music of your adopted culture. I love to listen to folk music in my target languagesâ€"old, traditional songs really communicate the values of the culture, and they’re usually simple enough to easily learn the lyrics. It’s as easy as searching “[target language] folk song/music” on YouTube!If you’re more of a concrete, people person, it’ll help to make friends in the target language. Even if you don’t live in the country, you can meet people through language exchanges, through websites like italki. The italki platform lets you meet friends for free online exchanges, as well as lets you choose from thousands of professional tutors to hire for private instruction.It’s hard to overstate the importance of connecting. Emotional ties, passion, all of this will get you far in your target language. When you start identifying more with  your target language culture, the language will become a part of you and a part of your daily life. And when that happens, progress skyrockets!There you have itâ€"three ways you can get good at learning languages. It’s not so much about inborn talentâ€"the best language learners know how to organize themselves and take advantage of what motivates them.Now that you don’t have to worry about talent, there’s nothing to stop you from achieving the very best in your chosen language!

Computer Tutor 60093 - Learn How to Become a Top Notch Tutor

Computer Tutor 60093 - Learn How to Become a Top Notch TutorComputer Tutor 60093 is a program that will help you get the information needed in order to successfully become a tutor. It will even help you get the answers to many questions that arise in your mind when you have a question regarding the various subjects and learn how to answer them effectively. This tutor has many features. These features are:- Tutor Mode: You can now take the lessons as you go about your business and do not have to sit and attend class and attend the classes. You will be able to take care of the schedule of the tutoring session, as well as the schedule of your own home or work life. This is especially helpful if you have an important appointment and would rather not miss it.- Student Mailer: You can now send any personal or school information via email or fax to your tutor. You will not have to have the details written down or typed up. You can send your instructions, job information, family events, and even the details of your school in the form of a self-addressed stamped envelope, all electronically. You may also be able to make the self-addressed stamped envelope available online for anyone to view for a small fee.- Quick Reference Chart: This chart makes it easier for you to find the correct answer. There is a check on how many times it has been used in the past. It also shows how long it took you to use it. With the tutor itself, you do not have to worry about making sure that it works properly because this information is provided on the system.- Instant Online Assistants: A tutor can now be a virtual assistant instead of a tutor. With Instant Online Assistants, you can now even chat with the tutor in real time through an Internet connection. This will make the tutor available in the future when you are not able to attend classes. You can even discuss common problems that arise with your students with the tutor over Skype.These are just some of the many features that you can look forward to as you use this software program. Tutor 60093 has an interactive format that allows you to get the answer to your questions and answer them quickly.If you are wondering whether or not you should get a computer tutor, you should do so, as the program is free. You can use it without any prior registration or cost.

Weather Conditions at Cornell University Chemistry

Weather Conditions at Cornell University ChemistryWhat is the deal with the weather at Cornell University Chemistry? Is it that it is difficult to concentrate because of the chilly conditions, or are the plants at the garden festival not all that attractive? Why does my fridge have fewer fruits and vegetables than usual? This article will help you solve all these questions and many more.When it comes to weather conditions at Cornell University Chemistry, the weather is actually quite pleasant. There is absolutely no question about it. We can say the same about the plants at the garden festival. We all have seen them and there are plenty more of them too. That is why the tomato that was previously plucked by a single person can now be found in the fridge and also there are numerous varieties of the vegetable.The different food stalls at the garden festival are also quite interesting. The farmers that grow these foods are quite dedicated to it and they really work hard at it. The veget ables grown in their gardens also make use of irrigation so that they do not get scorched. There are also signs that you see on the farmer's cars that they are using LED lights so that the plants get even better lighting.In fact, the chemicals used at Cornell University Chemistry are also quite good. They contain insect repellents and there are no fleas that would bother the bugs that frequent the garden. There are even pesticides that kill off mosquito larvae that are laying eggs in the plants that were planted with those pesticides.It is true that when it comes to weather conditions at Cornell University Chemistry, the temperature is quite pleasant. The temperatures reach twenty-five to thirty degrees and they are never below fifteen degrees. To the plant's advantage, there is neither too much wind nor too little. They do not require heaters to keep them warm.It is the same with the people who work at Cornell University Chemistry. Their job is not a very stressful one. They get to eat the food that they make. In fact, the fact that they are paid well is a bonus. The food that they cook, they are not paid to cook but to create the food for us.The weather at Cornell University Chemistry has always been pretty pleasant. In fact, this is a trait that is known throughout the world. It is known as a trait called perfectionism. It is the way that most people live their lives.

How Much Does an Electric Guitar Cost

How Much Does an Electric Guitar Cost You Want to Buy an Electric Guitar? Let's See What the Prices Are. ChaptersThe Average Price of an Electric GuitarWhy Choose an Electric Guitar?So, the Cost of an Electric Guitar? It Depends on UsageBuying a Guitar Second-Hand.Used Instruments: a Way to Lower the Price of a Guitar?Are you tired of your good ol' classical guitar or beginner guitar and want to go on to the next level?For you, it’s not a question of switching to the ukulele, folk guitar, classical guitar, bass guitar, gypsy guitar or acoustic guitar.folkThe electric guitar is made for you - you are feeling it!Accompanied by a guitar amplifier, you can play the electric guitar and imitate your greatest idols (Jimi Hendrix, Keith Richards, Eric Clapton, Carlos Santana ...) in your apartment or on stage to be among the best   electric guitarists.But before you can proudly pretend to be a rockstar, the first step of buying a guitar (and its accessories) is essential.  Often seen as overpriced and inaccessible, the electric guitar is nevertheless a very good investment, which can actually be less expensive than you might think. Many solutions exist that will allow you to acquire an electric guitar at a very advantageous price.Flea markets, in-store or online…  Choosing and buying a guitar is a real quest! Whether you're left-handed or right-handed, prefer Gibson or Fender, want a Sunburst or Tremolo, you'll surely be able to find the right electric guitar for you!So, buckle up. Let's think through ways to get your hands on an axe with the best fingerboard, pickups, and playability, the design you want - with a deep cutaway or a groovy headstock - and from the best guitar brands out there.After finding your perfect guitar, all you have to do is buy a few scores or tablatures, and you will soon be on your way to playing your favorite tracks.Playing an instrument like the guitar is relatively affordable. It is not necessary to spend all of your money to obtain a quality instrument that will meet your needs.  The same goes for the electric guitar.  We're looking at be ginner electric guitars; you ain't going to be going for a Fender custom, a Gibson custom, or a top-end guitar from ESP Ltd.  Online, whether it’s on Amazon or Guitar Center, it is, rather, possible to buy an electric guitar for about $130. This price can also include essential accessories needed to use the electric guitar, such as:the ampjack cablespicksa gig bagother things including spare electric guitar strings and other tool to help you maintain your new musical instrument.Similar prices can be found in stores.However, inexpensive electric guitars aren't always from a reputable brand and can be damaged very quickly. They might come with faulty guitar pickups and an uneven fretboard. To get an electric guitar that lasts over time, it’s better to spend around $230.The Squier from Fender is one of the cheapest guitars on the market.You can sometimes find an electric guitar set with accessories to go with the instrument at a low price point, but this isn’t always the case.You will have to purchase an amp if you don’t want to play the guitar without sound. No sound won’t help you become a rockstar.The price range of an amp varies as much as the price of electric guitars. You can find amps from $50 to $800. Again, the price will depend on what you are looking for. Some amps are more suited for the stage while others will be good enough for your personal studio. However, it’s recommended that you don’t go below $80 for this kind of accessory.But when it comes to buying an electric guitar, you also need to think about its protection and your comfort. Do not forget the guitar case, the strap, and the support. Everything needed to become a real musician!Buying these guitar accessories second-hand will lower the cost...You can then find electric guitars between $50 and $150. Keep an eye out for classified ads and the brands that are selling the guitar model you want. You can read reviews online to get an idea if you are not an expert on the subject.Wh y Choose an Electric Guitar?You can enjoy the electric guitar at any age! And buying one is not a waste of money.I personally own 3 different guitars and many people wonder why I have so many instruments for the same practice.What can an electric guitar give you more than the other guitars that you already have?Each guitar is made for different styles. While after purchasing a classical guitar, you can play the best Beethoven tunes, but it becomes more complicated when it comes to playing the songs of rock or metal bands. Same goes for acoustic guitars that are often ideal for folk.Although it’s quite possible to play Nirvana’s songs on nylon strings…Rockers sometimes use the acoustic guitar.But learning the electric guitar when you are a novice is not easy to do. You will need help from accessories like the metronome to understand the rhythm and play your favorite music styles.The sound effects that amps can provide are stimulating, however, you will quickly need other access ories to create new sound effects. Capo, pedals, have fun with it.Your brand new electric guitar will also help you to progress. We do not play the same way with an electric guitar that we do with a classical or a folk guitar. Special techniques are employed to use the hands differently and create other rhythms.Want to start a band? The electric guitar is still one of the best instruments for a rock band. And even for other styles. The electric guitar isn't just for the experienced guitar players of Rock Fest, the great metal festival!Blues and pop music also use electric guitar sounds to create their pieces.A sound that provides a touch of modernity to these different styles.And since you will already have an amp, it will be easy for you to perform on stage. Let’s book the date already!Your guitar price will depend on what you use it for.If your career is all set and the world of professional music opens its doors to you, then you will have to invest... And when we talk about an investment, it can quickly reach $1500. Because of the electronics of these guitars, the price goes up quickly.However, with this kind of guitar, there is nothing wrong. You can be sure that your purchase will last for years and you can then pass it on as a treasure to your children and grandchildren. Indeed, the finishes are perfect (fretting, lutherie...) with impeccable wood (cedar, maple, spruce, mahogany...).On the other hand, there's no need to spend so much when you start with the electric guitar. You can find guitars that suit you without asking for a loan from your bank. Look at the guitars between $150 and $300.Electric guitars at this price point will be good enough for your first guitar class and the price range will give you a lot of options.Since it is very important that you like your guitar, design plays a big role.Here are some examples of electric guitars:Epiphone Les Paul Standard, a little vintageSquier Series Stratocaster, classic, but not expensive (how to find an inexpensive guitar elsewhere...?)Dean ML X for the look of a star...It's up to you to choose the look of your electric guitar!The Epiphone Les Paul Standard is recommended when starting guitar lessons.If you want, you can upgrade later on by reselling your electric guitar to buy another one that better suits your intermediate level.But look after your first guitar. Take great care of it because these instruments rarely lose their value when it comes to reselling them. But only if it remains in very good condition.Pay great attention to the guitar's lutherie parts such as the bridge, the neck, the soundboard or even the mechanics. All these parts are important to keeping an ideal sound when playing guitar.Buying a Guitar Second-Hand.Are you still struggling to decide between buying a second-hand guitar or going to a music store to purchase a new one?Be aware that whatever your decision is, the most important thing is to find the guitar that suits you the best. Regardless of wheth er it's a Fender, Ibanez or Gibson, the key is that it matches your level and tastes.It’s important to choose your guitar according to your tastes and level.However, the condition of the guitar is very important to keep the original sound. It’s easier to get a guitar in good condition in-store, rather than on Craigslist. Although many owners take great care of their equipment, you can never be sure.Buying a guitar in-store will allow you to test it out before buying it. The department stores usually have amps available to try with the electric guitars. Spend a few minutes checking out the guitars that you like and wait until you find the one that's right for you.The Internet is also a way to acquire a new guitar. But it will be difficult to track the package until it arrives to you. Also, you cannot try the guitar before you receive it.Also, after this purchase, you will probably need to change the strings at one point. But what is the price of new guitar strings?Used Instrument s: a Way to Lower the Price of a Guitar?You don’t really have the budget to buy a new guitar? Yet, it's been months since you've had your eyes on the Telecaster in your favorite music store.You can buy the used guitar of your dreams!More and more people are using second-hand items sold by individuals. You can find everything from clothes to high-tech items to musical instruments.You will be able to find that special guitar by strolling through flea markets or exploring sites such as Craigslist.org. This way, you can go to the seller's house, or meet in a public place, and see for yourself the condition of the guitar. The prices can be half of the guitar’s original price. This is something to think about...There are numerous sites that give people the opportunity to help each other. If you don’t know which guitar to buy, just get in touch with enthusiasts to find your answer.And thanks to this second-hand market craze, several chain stores have opened to gather all these object s in the same space.In every one of these stores, there is a music department where there are many guitars for sale. Their condition is checked before being put on display and you can ask for advice from the salesperson.Search for guitar lessons for beginners  or online guitar lessons on Superprof to start learning today! Whatever type of guitar you choose to play, there are guitar lessons for you!

A Glossary of Chemistry Key Terms for your Science Vocabulary

A Glossary of Chemistry Key Terms for your Science Vocabulary Prepare for your Exams with this Essential Chemistry Terminology ChaptersFundamental Terms in Chemistry: The Small StuffChemistry’s Key Vocab: Chemical States and CompoundsEssential Terminology for Chemical Processes and ReactionsThe Language of Chemistry: Measurements, and the Periodic TableA Word on the Most Important Chemistry Equipment.Chemistry is a subject loaded with complex words and phrases. This might seem a little overwhelming. In fact, getting to grips with all the scientific vocabulary might be the thing that is putting you off opening your textbooks in the first place.Luckily, with this handy guide to the most important general chemistry terms, you should start feeling more comfortable in no time. They are worth knowing not only for chemists themselves, or for the professors and engineers who use them. Rather, everyone should know these words and definitions, as they help to unlock that world of fizzing experiments, laboratories, and flaming reactions that is chemistry.So, if you are studying for your GCSEs, or if you need a refres h before your A Level exams, take a look at this introductory chemistry dictionary and learn something!If you reckon you know it all already, check out our other articles with everything you need to know about chemistry.Chemistry’s Key Vocab: Chemical States and CompoundsNow we’ve covered the basic chemistry terms, let’s take a look at some words that you’ll hear flying around your chemistry department.Molecules make up substances, which can be found in three different states. These you will probably have heard already, but it is important to remember that a substance can change its state due to heat and pressure.Gases: These are substances with no fixed shape or definable volume.Liquids: Substances that are fluid, with no fixed shape but with a definite volume.Solids: These substances are more stable, with their molecules more tightly packed. They have a more fixed shape, and a definite volume.Substances can be pure elements, compounds, or mixtures. In chemistry, a mixture is defined as a substance made of two or more elements combined, but not chemically bonded like a compound.There are different types of compounds, some of which most basic chemistry courses will require you to know:Hydrocarbons: these are organic compounds, which contain â€" as the term suggests â€" only hydrogen and carbon.Polymers: large molecules â€" either naturally occurring or synthetic and produced in a lab â€" that are formed of lots of bonded smaller molecules (often hydrocarbons).Salt: an ionic compound whose charge is neutralised. It combines ions with a positive charge with those of a negative one.Finally, in this section, we have acids and alkalis. These are opposites. Acids contain hydrogen, donate protons and make positive ions in water. Alkalis produce negative ions in water. You’ll see this again below, but if you want something a little more in depth, try out our piece on the central concepts in chemistry.Get a chemistry tutor here.Salt is a chemical compound tha t you need to know! PetarChemistry Teacher 5.00 (11) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MyriamChemistry Teacher 5.00 (13) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Dr parikhChemistry Teacher 5.00 (8) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SaifChemistry Teacher 5.00 (14) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ConorChemistry Teacher 4.75 (4) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FrankChemistry Teacher 5.00 (8) £90/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HeavenliChemistry Teacher £11/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JideChemistry Teacher 4.80 (5) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsEssential Terminology for Chemical Processes and ReactionsFor most GCSE chemistry courses, you will need to know some basic terms for chemical reactions â€" or you will never understand what happens in the laboratory or in an experiment!Firstly, you need to know the three terms of a chemical reaction. These are…The reactant: that substance whi ch is present at the start of the reaction.The catalyst: the substance that enables the reaction, but that isn’t changed by it.The product: what you get at the end of the reaction. The amount of this substance is known as theAll reactions are either endothermic or exothermic, meaning they either take in energy or give it out.In this table, you can find some important words for the main types of reaction you will be dealing with:OxidationA reaction, usually involving oxygen, in which an electron is lost.ReductionWhen electrons are added to an atom (the opposite of the above!)DistillationWhen a mixture loses a liquid by evaporation and condensation.Thermal DecompositionBreaking a compound into two or more substances by heating.Titration  If you know the concentration of a solution, you can use titration to determine the concentration of a different solution.Read some fun chemistry facts here!The Language of Chemistry: Measurements, and the Periodic TableUnderstanding the textbook te rms used in your chemistry course is not only about knowing the atomic structures of states of matter. You also need to know the ways in which a chemist might make a calculation or measure a given substance. This indispensable terminology will help in any chemistry class.The Periodic Table. You’ll have noticed this in any chemistry lab you’ve seen. This is the table of the elements, arranged in order of atomic number.  It was invented by a bloke called Mendeleev, about whom you can learn more in our piece on the most important chemists ever.Atomic number. An atom’s number of protons â€" and therefore electrons, as they are equal.Mass number. The number of protons plus the number of neutrons.Transition element. Elements in groups three to twelve of the periodic table. Also known as transition metals.Mole. The unit used to identify a given amount of a substance. A mole of any substance contains the same number of atoms as a mole of another substance.Reactivity. How reactive a su bstance is in relation to another. If you put substances in order of relative reactivity, you get a reactivity series. Alongside a reaction, you will probably need to write a chemical equation. This shows, in written form, what reactants are involved and what products are produced.You will also need to know another scale, the pH scale. This is used to describe how acidic or alkali a substance is. It ranges from 0 to 14, with the most acidic having the lowest number and the most alkali having the highest. Neutral substances are pH7.A Word on the Most Important Chemistry Equipment.Any introduction to chemistry vocabulary would be lacking without a mention of the most important equipment any scientist might use in their labs. Chemistry is not only theoretical and analytical, but empirical and therefore practical too!Check out more in our article on the basic chemistry kit.A Bunsen burner is a key term in your chemistry equipment glossary.Bunsen burner. Using this will be one of the hig hlights of your high school chemistry experience. By plugging this into a gas tap, you will get heat and a flame for your chemistry experiments.Tripod and gauze. Over a Bunsen burner can be placed a stand that can hold beakers to be filled with chemical elements and solutions.Test tube. The iconic tool of chemical science, this is a slim tube in which you will keep and perform experiments on your solutions. A boiling tube is a larger variety of test tube, in which â€" you guessed it! â€" you can boil things.Burettes are like test tubes but have measurements and are clamped â€" so that you can drip little bits of solution. They are used mainly for titrations.This is used not only in chemistry, but biology and medicinal science too. A little squeezy plastic tube to transport liquids.Remember that chemistry affects us every single day. Why not read up on some life-changing chemistry discoveries whilst you're here?Find an A level chemistry tutor here.

How Much Does Geography Tuition Cost

How Much Does Geography Tuition Cost The Price of a Geography Tutor ChaptersReasons to Engage a Geography TutorDetermining the Cost of a Tutor to Study GeographyGCSE Geography Tutoring CostOn the whole, consumers want the best value for their money.This economic maxim is defined as the optimal combination of cost, quality and sustainability with regard to requirement and need and it applies to everything, including private tuition.The home tutoring business is growing by leaps and bounds in the UK, driven by caregivers intent on providing their charges with the best possible opportunity to succeed academically.However, tutoring in geography is a tiger of a different stripe.The discipline, while more vital a study today than it ever has been, has seen its importance lag behind more prominent subjects such as math, languages including English, and other sciences such as physics and biology.As though to underscore that fact, geography is not taught in schools at Key Stage 4; nor is it a part of core GCSE requirements.This poses a real challenge to stude nts electing to sit GCSEs in Geography.The last two years of their secondary education apparently given over to teaching to the test, it is difficult for our young scholars to maintain and cultivate their geographic knowledge base unless they engage in self-study.What about primary school students? Geography is included in their curriculum and they might need help to prepare them for SATs. They might need a geography tutor...Superprof now looks at all of the reasons one might seek tutoring in geography and helps you determine a reasonable price for each.special educational needs, a substantial percentage of whom would greatly benefit from one on one tutoring sessions.In this situation, tutoring services would likely be in the form of ongoing academic support, with exam preparation being incidental to the overall effort.What about ESL students?Speakers of other languages would naturally progress faster, in classwork and in learning English, if they had individualized help from a priv ate tutor.Each one of these unique conditions stands to raise the cost of in-home tutoring because they suppose the tutor must have extraordinary credentials.For ESL students, the tutor may need to speak a second language. SEN student tutoring would require extra skill in educational strategies and test prep would imply that the tutor must be especially knowledgeable about that particular exam.Where does geography fit in all of this?Unless any of the above-mentioned conditions apply, if the student needing supplemental instruction and/or homework help is learning geography as a part of the school’s standard curriculum, s/he would fall into the category of learners who engage a tutor to sharpen study skills.However, if that curious-minded learner is intent on eventually graduating from university with a geography degree and is in the last year of secondary school, s/he may be entirely dependent on a home tutor for guided learning.As you might have deduced, the cost of such tutoring might be a bit higher.Discover everything you need to know about taking geography courses!Asking the right questions, both of yourself and your tutor's qualifications, is the best way to get the best price! Source: Pixabay Credit: QimonoDetermining the Cost of a Tutor to Study GeographyBesides those mentioned above, what factors determine how much you would pay for private tutoring in geography?The student’s level: younger learners have shorter attention spans, so academic tutoring sessions tend to be shorter in duration and the concepts are more elementary.The more advanced the student, the more complex the concepts to be absorbed, meaning that the tutor must have a higher degree of knowledge in the subject.The type of tutoring: homework help and general academic support are ongoing; the tutor is more of a learning coach than someone who instructs.Test prep involves special knowledge and possibly more time, whereas tutoring an undergraduate student requires the tutor to have adv anced levels of education.The delivery method: home tuition, meaning the tutor makes scheduled visits to your home, can be fairly pricey in comparison to online tutoring.Another option would be working through a tutoring center but the price there may be even higher than a tutor coming to your home!Individual or small group: the best tutors generally give a bit of a discount for pupils willing to learn with three or four mates.Tutoring companies embrace this philosophy too; through them, you may engage a tutor who would add you to one of his study groups.Your location: tutors are in far greater supply in big cities than smaller ones or in the countryside.However, statistics show that tutoring in London costs more than in Bristol, Bath or Birmingham.Scheduling: many geography teachers moonlight as geography tutors on evenings and weekends; you may pay a premium for tutoring on weeknights.You may also find undergraduates paying their way through college by tutoring lower-level student s so you might have to take their course schedule into consideration.Another factor to think about is that, besides geography textbooks or other learning materials for the tutor to work with, s/he would provide a more diverse range of study resources, perhaps at an added cost.Finally, we must look at the tutor’s investment into his/her education.If s/he has spent years at university earning a doctorate degree and then a decade or so doing fieldwork, s/he would present impeccable credentials... but may not work cheap.Some might wonder why one would study geography to that extent but you understand it!Engaging a highly-degreed professor to teach your 7-year old geography is not strictly necessary Source: Pixabay Credit: 3Dman_EUGCSE Geography Tutoring CostWe start with this particular demographic because these students are the most critically in need of guidance in their studies; of someone to motivate them and keep them on track.With no formal learning of new concepts and nothing t o keep secondary school students focused on expanding their geography knowledge, there is a danger that they may abandon their desire to establish themselves in a career as geographers.That would be quite a pity because, while this career field is relatively small in comparison to other sciences, projected job growth over the next ten years hovers around 35%!How does that do for an incentive to major in geography?On the average, you can expect to pay more for one hour of tutoring in Geography (around £25) than you would pay for maths tutoring (approximately £22) or English (about £24), or indeed a tutor to review material from the combined sciences portion of the GCSE exam (just under £23).Furthermore, if you live in London, your average price is estimated at just over £25 per hour. Contrast that with the per-hour rate of tutors in Nottingham of just under £20.Of course, these are just guidelines; they don’t take into account the depth of study or the level of education any specific tutor has achieved.If you were hoping to engage a highly-degreed professor of geography, quite rightly, those sessions would come dear: upwards of £40 per hour.On the other hand, you may consider someone who has just undergone their A-Levels in geography; someone who is preparing to enter university or is already a freshman; in their first year at university.There are benefits to engaging a tutor who has recently undergone the same ordeal you face, not the least of which is a lower price.A tutor who has recently sat A-Levels may be able to share effective test-taking strategies as well as help you internalise specifics of physical and human geography.Also, being close to you in age might mean a better and more immediate rapport than you might achieve with a more formal tutor; one who has years of experience in the classroom and in tutoring.Lastly, though not formally trained to recognise them, such a tutor may click with your learning style to provide you with a unique and unforgettable learning experience.The best is not always the priciest; oftentimes, what we identify as ideal is what works best for us.Now that you have pricing guidelines to go by, it is time to shop around; find a geography tutor that will work best with you to achieve the results you need â€" namely that high mark on your exam so that you can take your geography studies all the way to university and beyond!Now learn what careers you can embrace with a geography degree...

How To Increase ISEE Verbal Scores

How To Increase ISEE Verbal Scores The Verbal Reasoning section kicks off the ISEE (for every level), and it mostly tests your vocab skills. Youll see two types of questions: synonym recognition and sentence completion. See more from Varsity Tutors on general ISEE tips and ISEE information: how to improve your ISEE score. Synonym recognition: Here, you are given a word and you have to choose the synonym (or the word closest in meaning) out of the four answer choices given. Think of the definition of word: And try to use it in a sentence before you start reading the answer choices because they are written to confuse you. Break words down: Consider the following example word excavate. It has the prefix ex, which means to exit. Also, consider the words connotation. Is it negative word (for example awful), positive (terrific) or neutral (jump)? Typically, the correct answers connotation will match the given word. Excavate is a neutral word, so look for a neutral answer choice. From this, you know the correct answer has to be similar to exiting and have a neutral connotation. Right away, you can eliminate infect (negative word) and pardon (positive word), and eventually eliminate display (does not mean exiting). ExcavateA. Infect (negative)B. Display (neutral)C. Pardon (positive)D. Uncover (neutral) Sentence completion: Here you have to choose the correct words to fill in the blanks. Write words in blanks: At first, dont even look at the answers and write your own words in the blanks. Then, try to match the words youve written with the examples given. In the following example, you might write events and group of friends. Then, just match your words to the closest answer choice, which is choice C (events; entourage). The movie star always arrived at public events with an group of friends .A. Actions; emissaryB. Functions; enclaveC. Events; entourageD. Agencies; interviewE. Scandals; affair Connotations: Just like synonym recognition, connotations (matching negative, neutral or positive words) can help you correctly identify answers here. With the following question, you know that the two words must have the same connotation. The book cant be so good and receive bad reviews. That just doesnt make sense. So, then you have to find the answer choice that has two words with the same connotation, which is answer choice A (controversial; mixed). The books content was so good that it received good reviews.A. Controversial; mixedB. Monotonous; raveC. Intriguing; horribleD. Boring; laudatoryE. Exciting; indifferent Transition words: Look for words like: because, therefore, although, if, since, naturally, but, etc to determine the direction of the sentence. For example, this sentence uses the word but. So, you know the sentence is going to change direction from vicious rumors were untrue. So what is the opposite of what untrue rumors would do? Hurt would be a good word to guess. And youll find the correct answer with choice B (Impugned; reputation). The vicious rumors were untrue but still _______ the politicians ________.A. Elevated; statusB. Impugned; reputationC. Interrogated; subordinatesD. Alleviated; difficultiesE. Supported; platform Time management: In the middle and upper levels, you have to answer 40 questions in 20 minutes, leaving you with 30 seconds per questions. In the lower level, you have 34 questions in 20 minutes, giving you about 35 seconds per question. There is no penalty for an incorrect answer on the ISEE; so you have to make absolute sure you answer every question. If you find yourself taking more than 30 seconds on a question, make a best guess and move on. Dont leave it blank and plan to answer it later.